Dyslexia Symptoms - What Are the Symptoms That Might Indicate Dyslexia ?

Experts tell us that perhaps 1 out of every 10 adults suffers from some type of dyslexia. Probably 95% of these are unaware that their differences, their problems with reading and manipulation of numbers,letters and words are caused by dyslexia.

When identified, these dyslexics can be helped and taught to overcome their difficulties. They can lead normal, even exemplary lives, achieving their full potentials. So how do you identify people who may suffer from dyslexia? What are the indications, the symptoms? This article explains. Read on...

Dyslexia is a neurological condition that manifests itself as a learning disability. This disability varies widely but is generally characterized by difficulties in spelling, sounding out and recognizing words.

Dyslexia is widely misunderstood. Dyslexics are not stupid, they just have information-processing differences and difficulties. Nevertheless they are often characterized as slow learners, put in special education classes and stigmatized rather than helped to overcome their challenges.

Once identified, dyslexics can be helped to overcome their difficulties, perform at acceptable levels and lead normal, productive (often super-productive) lives. But the social stigmatization for being "different" causes most dyslexics to be ashamed of their differences and try to hide them.

This makes identification and diagnosis of dyslexia more difficult. Here are some of the prominent dyslexia symptoms that may indicate underlying dyslexia:

A school-age child with dyslexia might exhibit any of the following dyslexia symptoms:

-- Avoid reading or complain about the difficulty of reading.

-- Display strengths in higher-level thinking skills, such as curiosity and imagination.

-- Mispronounce complicated or unfamiliar words.

-- Leave out parts of words or confuse the order of parts. For example, "aluminum" could become "amulium."

-- Pause, hesitate, often say "um", "uh" or "ah" when speaking.

-- Use vague words, such as "stuff" and "things," instead of proper names.

-- Confuse words that sound alike, such as "tornado" for "volcano" and "lotion" for "ocean."

-- Need more time to form verbal responses.

-- Have trouble remembering isolated pieces of verbal information, such as dates, names and lists.

-- Make slow progress in acquiring reading skills.

-- Guess or make "wild stabs" at words when reading.

-- Rely heavily on context to read.

-- Fear, dread or resist reading aloud.

-- Mispronounce and substitute words when reading aloud.

-- Perform disproportionately worse on multiple-choice tests than on other types.

-- Spell or write poorly.

[Source of the above list: "Overcoming Dyslexia: A New and Complete Science-Based Program for Reading Problems at Any Level," by Sally Shaywitz]

Most elementary schools now screen for dyslexia, looking for dyslexia symptoms to identify possible dyslexics as early as possible. This is a relatively recent practice. Adults who finished elementary school more than 15 years ago may have never been screened. In fact, 95% of adult dyslexics are unaware of their condition.

Most have developed protective mechanisms, sometimes elaborate ones, to hide their disabilities. An adult dyslexic might exhibit these types of behavior, which are frequent dyslexia symptoms:

-- Avoid jobs where reading and writing is involved. They might be found employed in positions way below what their intelligence would indicate they should be qualified for.

-- Avoid reading, especially reading aloud.

-- Feign common problems with eyesight ("...didn't bring my glasses.") or other excuses for not reading.

-- Avoid newspapers and magazines in favor of television, movies or other graphic media.

-- Have difficulty in transcribing telephone numbers or messages received over the phone.

The presence of any of these dyslexia symptoms does not prove that the person is dyslexic, but it does indicate the possibility. If there is any doubt, if the dyslexia symptoms are strong and repetitious enough, the person should undergo a full dyslexia test. For adults this can be done online in half an hour.

Once diagnosed, dyslexics can be taught how to overcome almost all of the problems they might have. With the proper training dyslexics can overcome their dyslexia symptoms and lead normal, productive lives, living up to and achieving their full potentials.

For more information on dyslexia symptoms and testing, follow the links below...

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One in five American children has trouble reading. But they are not stupid or lazy. In Overcoming Dyslexia, Dr. Sally Shaywitz, codirector of the Yale Center for the Study of Learning and Attention and a leader in the new research into how the brain works, offers the latest information about reading problems and proven, practical techniques that, along with hard work and th

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Different Dyslexia Types Indicate A Complex Problem With Many Facets...

Dyslexia is a condition that causes someone to have trouble reading, right? O.K., so what are Visual Dyslexia, Auditory Dyslexia, Phonological Dyslexia and Orthographic Dyslexia? What are these all about? Answer: The meaning of the term 'dyslexia' can depend on who is using it. The terms for various types of dyslexia describe certain very specific symptoms and conditions that pertain to the problem in general. The details are explained, just read on...

If you should become confused reading about dyslexia, don't feel that you are all alone! When you start to research information about dyslexia you read of Visual Dyslexia, Auditory Dyslexia, Phonological Dyslexia and Orthographic Dyslexia. What do all of these mean? What are the differences between one and the others?

There is a lot of confusion in the terminology being used. Let's try to clear up some of the confusion and get a clearer perspective on the different types of dyslexia and on the term 'dyslexia' in general.

First off, you need to understand that there are two different schools of thought about the term 'dyslexia'. This has led to two working definitions and two different ways in which the word "dyslexia" itself is used. These are:

1. Academic: In the academic sense the word "dyslexia" has a literal meaning based on the etymology of the word itself. From its parts, 'Dys' means wrong or problematic (for example, as in 'dysfunctional') and 'lexia', means pertaining to words and letters. So literally, 'dys'-'lexia' refers to problems with words. In this sense then, anyone who has a problem with reading, for whatever reason, has dyslexia.

2. Popular Use: There is a wider use and application, used by parents of dyslexics and by dyslexic adults. In the applications sense, dyslexia refers to a range of symptoms that includes problems with reading, writing and spelling plus other problems such as hearing difficulty, poor memory and a lack of physical coordination.

So much for the general definitions. Now on to dyslexia types.

The first attempt to sub-divide and describe the different types of dyslexia was made by Marshall and Newcombe in 1973. They set forth the ideas of 'surface', 'phonological' and 'double-deficit' dyslexia.

Surface Dyslexia. The symptoms of Surface Dyslexia relate to mistakes made in areas where the rules of English pronunciation are inconsistent. For example, "bowl" is read as though it rhymed with "howl", and "enough" might be read as though it rhymed with "dough", or vice-versa.

Phonological Dyslexia, is a failure to grasp the phonic nature of the English language. Individuals with it have great problems reading new or nonsense words because they do not and cannot grasp the links between the individual sounds or phonemes and letters before them on the page.

Double-Deficit Dyslexia is the term applied to the condition of individuals who have both dyslexia types: Surface Dyslexia and Phonological Dyslexia.

Auditory Dyslexia and Visual Dyslexia both stem from the magnocellular theory of dyslexia. This theory holds that dyslexics have neurological weaknesses in the magnocellular cells of the thalamus area of the brain. This area is where rapid processing of visual and auditory information normally takes place.

Many studies have shown that while dyslexics do have weaknesses in their visual and auditory processing, these weaknesses are not to the same degree. One result could be that a child with poor hearing skills but with average visual skills may be diagnosed as having Auditory Dyslexia, whereas one with poor visual skills but average hearing may be diagnosed as having Visual Dyslexia.

Orthographic Dyslexia is the last of the dyslexia types. Orthography is the set of symbols or letters that make up a language. In English this is the 26 letters of the alphabet whilst in Japanese or Chinese it covers thousands of different symbols.

And so Orthographic Dyslexia relates to problems in identifying and manipulating letters in reading, writing and spelling.

Perhaps the above explanations have helped clarify the terminology being used to describe the dyslexia types and hopefully, made it more understandable.

For additional information about dyslexia and the different types of dyslexia, follow the links below...

More Dyslexia Articles

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2. SUBLIMINAL DYSLEXIA-DYSLEXIC READING PROBLEM DISORDER
3. Dyslexia Fence